A research group led by Professor Shigemi Kagawa of the Environment and Food Unit and Professor Hidemichi Fujii of the Faculty of Economics has revealed that changes in international supply chains formed under the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA; now the United States–Mexico–Canada Agreement, USMCA) have resulted in the cross-border transfer of hazardous chemical pollution.
Their findings suggest that emission reductions in countries with stringent environmental regulations may lead to the relocation of pollution to countries with relatively less stringent regulations.
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